What does "thermal bridging" refer to in building construction?

Thermal bridging refers to the phenomenon where heat flows through a highly conductive material, which can create a path for energy transfer that bypasses insulation. In building construction, this typically occurs when materials with high thermal conductivity, such as metal or concrete, penetrate the insulated areas of a wall or roof assembly. As a result, these materials can conduct heat away from conditioned spaces or allow external heat to enter more readily, leading to increased energy loss and reduced overall insulation effectiveness.

By identifying and addressing thermal bridges, builders can improve the thermal envelope of the structure, leading to enhanced energy efficiency and comfort within the building. This concept is crucial for energy-conscious designs and is a key consideration in achieving optimal building performance.

The other response options do not accurately define thermal bridging. For instance, the normal heat transfer process in insulated walls does not highlight the issues caused by conductive materials creating paths for heat loss. Additionally, insulating pipes is a separate concern related to maintaining pipe temperature rather than the broader issue of heat transfer through building materials. Using thermal imaging to assess insulation quality involves identifying problem areas but is not a definitions aspect of thermal bridging itself.